Lukoki came through the ranks at Dutch giants Ajax before spells with PEC Zwolle, Bulgarian club Ludogorets and Turkish side Yeni Malatyaspor.
The 29-year-old, who won three Eredivisie titles with Ajax, signed for FC Twente on a two-year deal last June but suffered a cruciate ligament injury in pre-season training.
Lukoki had his contract terminated by Twente in February for what the club described as "events in his personal life".
Twente confirmed the passing of Lukoki on Monday in a statement that read: "This morning FC Twente received the terrible news that Jody Lukoki has passed away.
"The club is shocked and deeply moved by this tragic event. FC Twente sympathises with his loved ones and wishes them a lot of strength in processing this great loss."
Zwolle also paid tribute: "PEC Zwolle has learned with dismay and sadness of the far too early death of former player Jody Lukoki.
"Lukoki will forever be remembered as PEC Zwolle's first goalscorer in an official European game. PEC Zwolle wishes the relatives of Jody Lukoki a lot of strength to bear this enormous loss."
While Turkish side Yeni Malatyaspor added: "We learned with sadness the news that Jody Lukoki, who wore our club's jersey in the 2020-2021 Super League season, passed away.
"Our condolences to his family and community."
Lukoki represented the Netherlands at youth international level but opted to play for DR Congo, who he made his senior debut for in 2015.
All three caps for the Leopards came in friendly matches, with his last coming against Burkina Faso in 2020.
Four RKC players and two staff members tested positive for COVID-19 in the last 24 hours and eight players have been forced to quarantine.
RKC revealed the decision to postpone the match was made following consultation between the KNVB's union doctor, the RKC club doctor and the public health service.
A new date for the fixture will be announced as soon as possible.
The Eredivisie was the first major European league to end the 2019-20 season in April amid the pandemic.
Former Bayern Munich, Real Madrid and Chelsea star Robben came out of retirement and signed a one-year contract with his boyhood club Groningen, who he wanted to help amid the coronavirus pandemic.
The 36-year-old winger was expected to feature against Zwolle but will not take part after feeling the effects of an intense week of training.
"I want to get even fitter before I start competitions. I had a very good training week, where I was able to do things to 100 per cent," Robben told Groningen's official website.
"I'm really in a good position, but playing a match is completely different to training. After not having played football for a year, it is logical that you will experience some complaints.
"That is part of the effort you make. The body responds to training, your body has to get used to it again. That is going well, but I thought it was still insufficient to play.
"I also want to feel 100 per cent that I am ready for competitions. For that, I want to complete more group training first."
Head coach Danny Buijs said: "Arjen has pushed the boundaries in his training programme last week and touched the limit.
"The efforts he has made in the past week have led to some mild physical complaints in the form of muscle pain and stiffness. It's very understandable for a player of his age who has not played for a year, but a reason for us not to take any risks.
"We repeat what we have said before: there is a greater purpose. We want to get and keep Arjen as fit as possible for matches. If he can play a role for us in as many matches as possible next season, we will be satisfied."
Groningen are scheduled to start their 2020-21 Eredivisie campaign on September 13 against PSV, another of Robben's former clubs.
