Cavendish, who celebrated his 38th birthday on Sunday, made the announcement at a press conference on the rest day of this year’s Giro D’Italia.
The Manxman boasts 53 Grand Tour stage victories and a world title, and is still set to compete at the Tour de France in July, where he could break the record of 34 stage wins he currently shares with Eddy Merckx.
Cavendish said: “I’ve absolutely loved racing every kilometre of this race so far, so I feel it’s the perfect time to say it’s my final Giro d’Italia and 2023 will be my final season as a professional cyclist.
“Yesterday I celebrated my 38th birthday. Like many others I’ve been struggling with sickness during the race as well as the effects of some unfortunate crashes. To get me through, I can’t thank this group of friends enough.
“Cycling has been my life for over 25 years. I have lived an absolute dream and the bike has given me the opportunity to see the world and meet some incredible people.
“It’s taught me so much about life – dedication, loyalty, companionship, teamwork, sacrifice, humility and perseverance – all things that now, as a father, I can show my children.”
British Cycling performance director Stephen Park paid tribute to Cavendish, saying in a statement: “On behalf of British Cycling, I would like to congratulate Mark on a truly outstanding career.
“Cav is without doubt the sport’s greatest sprinter and will be remembered by fans across the world for his 53 Grand Tour stage wins, and I’m sure that we will all be cheering him on as he looks to add to that total in his final months of racing.”
Cavendish won his first world title in the Madison in 2005 in Los Angeles, and within three years had claimed four Tour de France stage wins, as well as two at the Giro d’Italia, to become Britain’s leading Grand Tour cyclist at the age of just 22.
As well as his Grand Tour exploits, Cavendish won a silver medal in the omnium at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, and gold in the scratch race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, representing the Isle of Man.
Park added: “Professional and passionate, Cav has been a real asset to our team over the years and will be remembered as both a peerless rider and a fantastic teammate with time for everyone.
“We wish him the very best of luck both for the rest of his final season in the peloton and in the next stage of his career.”
Evenepoel’s routine test on Sunday night came back positive, only a few hours after the Belgian world champion pipped Thomas by a single second in the stage nine time trial to reclaim top spot in the general classification.
There have been previous instances of riders declining to wear leader’s jerseys, most notably when Chris Froome did so for one stage of the 2015 Tour de France following the injury-enforced withdrawal of Tony Martin.
While Thomas sympathised with the circumstances of Evenepoel’s exit, the Welshman intends to be in pink for the 196-kilometre stage from Scandiano to Viareggio following Monday’s rest day.
“Leading the race is a massive honour, but at the same time it’s not really the way you want to take the jersey,” he said. “That’s the way it is. I’ll definitely wear it with pride.
“It’s the first time I’ve worn the pink jersey. It’s not the best way of taking it, but I think for the race it’s still a good thing to keep it in the race. I just wish Remco well and hope he’s back soon.”
Evenepoel had established a 45-second advantage over the rest of the field and Thomas initially thought his rival was joking when contacted by the Soudal Quick-Step rider before the official announcement.
Primoz Roglic, who is Thomas’ immediate challenger just two seconds adrift after the first week, last week told the Ineos Grenadiers rider he had tested positive for Covid before the Slovenian backtracked and revealed he was joking.
“(Evenepoel) messaged me before the announcement,” Thomas said. “At first, I thought, ‘Is he winding me up a bit?’ After the whole Roglic stuff. But then there was the announcement and it was a surprise.”
Evenepoel was the sixth rider to leave the race with Covid, including Thomas’ team-mate Filippo Ganna. Thomas revealed he and the rest of the team are now taking precautions in an effort to minimise the risk of catching the virus.
“We just need to try to be a lot more aware of it and go back to what we used to do with Covid in 2020 or 2021, when we were in our own little bubble and we were wearing masks in public spaces,” he said.
“As a team we’re going to go back to that strategy. If everybody in the race does the same thing then it will stop other riders going home.”
Thomas will turn 37 later this month, on the day the race reaches stage 18 of 21, and was in a relaxed mood despite a chequered history at the Giro.
His best result in four attempts is 80th place, but Thomas, who finished third in last year’s Tour de France, insisted he was through trying to prove himself.
“It would be amazing (to win),” he added. “After 2020 I kind of thought that would be it for my chances of winning the Giro (he withdrew from that race after fracturing his pelvis on stage three).
“I don’t really feel too much pressure or expectation. I’d just love to take the opportunity.
“A lot of people seem to just write me off or whatever, but I feel like I just proved all that wrong last year and this is just a bonus round now.
“When you get towards the end of your career, you realise how lucky we are just to be able to race our bikes for a living. It’s not going to last forever and I want to make the most of it.”
INEOS had endured a frustrating Tour de France as reigning champion Egan Bernal withdrew before the end having fallen well off the pace, with Richard Carapaz then being pipped in the race for the King of the Mountains jersey.
However, the British-based team enjoyed a better first day in Italy as Ganna claimed the maglia rosa after the 15.1-kilometre individual time trial.
The home hope, who won the individual time trial at the world championships last week, finished in 15 minutes and 24 seconds, beating nearest challenger Joao Almeida by 22 seconds.
Thomas, the 2018 Tour de France champion who did not race for this year's yellow jersey, is fourth after the first day, well ahead of fellow GC hopefuls Simon Yates and Vincenzo Nibali.
The 25-year-old French rider made a solo dart to the finish line with just under three kilometres remaining, crossing 36 seconds ahead of Francesco Gavazzi (Eolo-Kometa), who edged out Nikias Arndt (Team DSM).
Saturday's ride from Foggia to Guardia Sanframondi saw no major disruption in the general classification picture, with Attila Valter remaining in the pink jersey, still 11 seconds ahead of Remco Evenepoel.
The overall leaders finished in the peloton, four minutes and 48 seconds behind Lafay, meaning the Giro remains nicely poised heading into Sunday's stage, which takes the riders from Castel di Sangro to Campo Felice.
Notably, however, Caleb Ewan abandoned the race, with the Australian sprinter having achieved his targets for the Giro, winning two stages in the first week. He hopes to also win stages at the Tour de France and Vuelta a Espana and had not been expected to complete the Giro, with his team, Lotto Soudal, reporting Ewan quit due to "pain in his knee".
Lafay said of his first major win as a professional: "It's incredible. It was a very tough day.
"To take the breakaway was very difficult, but when it's gone the peloton left us seven minutes, so it was good, we could recover a little.
"The finish was hard, but it's about 10 minutes' effort and that's where I'm the best so I was focused all the day for the support and I'm really happy I did that."
Speaking on Eurosport, Lafay said he felt Portuguese rider Nelson Oliveira (Movistar) was the big threat from the riders who had pulled clear of the peloton.
"I knew they were not climbing well but Oliveira I think was the best one, so I kept an eye on him, but I was confident with my legs and I attacked with 3k to go, and I don't believe it now that I just won."
STAGE RESULT
1. Victor Lafay (Cofidis) 4:06:47
2. Francesco Gavazzi (Eolo-Kometa) +36 secs
3. Nikias Arndt (Team DSM) +37s
4. Nelson Oliveira (Movistar) +41s
5. Giovanni Carboni (Bardiani-CSF-Faizane) +44s
CLASSIFICATION STANDINGS
General Classification
1. Attila Valter (Groupama-FDJ) 31:10:53
2. Remco Evenepoel (Deceuninck-Quick Step) +0.11
3. Egan Bernal (INEOS Grenadiers) +0.16
Points Classification
1. Tim Merlier (Alpecin-Fenix) 83
2. Giacomo Nizzolo (Team Qhubeka Assos) 76
3. Elia Viviani (Cofidis) 69
King of the Mountains
1. Gino Mader (Bahrain Victorious) 26
2. Geoffrey Bouchard (AG2R Citroen Team) 18
3. Kobe Goossens (Lotto Soudal) 18
Cavendish, who announced on the second rest day of this race that this season would be his last, made it look easy as he opened up several bike lengths over Alex Kirsch and Fernando Gaviria even before a crash on the final approach split the bunch.
It was a 17th career Giro stage win for the 38-year-old Manxman, who kept alive his record of winning at least one stage every time he had taken part in the Italian Grand Tour.
It was also Cavendish’s first win of the season and first with the Astana-Qazaqstan team, a timely confidence boost as he now turns his attentions to the Tour de France and his bid to take the stage win record there outright.
Astana may not have the greatest sprint pedigree or a lead-out train for Cavendish, but that hardly mattered when he had Geraint Thomas – who lost the pink jersey to Roglic on Saturday’s time trial – lending a hand, the Ineos Grenadiers rider offering a lead-out going into the final two kilometres.
The oldest ever stage winner in Giro history was a hugely popular one as Roglic and Thomas were quick to offer their congratulations.
Roglic takes the overall win by 14 seconds from Thomas, the fourth smallest margin of victory in Giro history.
His 34 career Tour de France stage wins are equalled only by Eddy Merckx, while his 53 Grand Tour stage victories put him third in the all-time standings.
Here the PA news agency takes a look at some of his career highlights.
2005
Won the first of his Madison world titles on the track, partnering Rob Hayles after replacing the injured Geraint Thomas.
2006
Took gold in the scratch race at the Commonwealth Games in Melbourne.
2007
Moved up to what is now the WorldTour level on the road and took a breakthrough victory at Scheldeprijs.
Finished the season with 11 victories, equalling Alessandro Petacchi’s record for a debut campaign.
2008
Took a second Madison world title, this time with Bradley Wiggins, in Manchester.
Won four stages of the Tour de France and two stages of the Giro d’Italia
2009
Became the second Briton to win a Monument with victory in Milan-Sanremo
Won six stages of the Tour, and wore the leader’s jersey for two days at the Giro after taking four stages.
2010
Won five stages of the Tour.
Wore the leader’s red jersey for two stages of the Vuelta a Espana and won the points classification after taking four stages.
2011
Became the second British road race world champion after Tom Simpson with victory in Copenhagen
Won five stages of the Tour de France along with the points classification. Wore the leader’s jersey at the Giro and won three stages.
2012
Won three Tour stages, and three stages of the Giro, wearing the leader’s pink jersey for three days.
2013
Won two Tour stage and five Giro stages, wearing the leader’s pink jersey for one day.
Became British national champion.
2015
Won one stage of the Tour.
2016
Won four stages of the Tour, wearing the leader’s yellow jersey for the first time after the opening stage and completing his set of wearing the leader’s jersey in all three grand tours.
Became Madison world champion for the third time, winning with Wiggins in London.
Won his first Olympic medal with silver in the omnium.
2021
Tasted victory for the first time in more than three years when he headed a bunch sprint across the line at the Tour of Turkey, the first of four stage wins at the race.
Followed up by winning the final stage of the Belgium Tour, before matching the Tour de France stage wins record when collecting the 34th of his career in Carcassonne on July 9.
2022
Won his 16th Giro d’Italia stage when he sprinted to victory on stage three in Hungary.
Added a second British road title to his career with success in Scotland in June.
Jumbo-Visma rider Dumoulin won the Giro d'Italia in 2017 and followed up with success at the individual event of the World Time Trial Championships in the same year.
The Dutchman is also a four-time national time trial champion, while he has claimed three stages at the Tour de France, two at the Vuelta a Espana and four at the Giro.
Dumoulin, alongside his Giro success, finished second at the 2018 Tour de France and has two time trial Olympic silver medals to his name.
The 31-year-old featured at this season's Giro but has confirmed this campaign will be his last as he looks for a new challenge.
"I decided that 2022 will be my last year as a professional cyclist," Dumoulin wrote on Instagram.
"In 2020 I had a very difficult year and at the end of that year I got overtrained and burned out. At the end of 2020, beginning of 2021, I was only a shadow of myself and thus decided at the time to take [a] break away from cycling to think about my future.
"But despite how good it occasionally still was: many times, and especially this year, it has been a frustrating path, at which my body felt tired and still does feel tired. As soon as the load in training or races gets higher, I suffer fatigue, aches, and injuries instead of improving.
"The effort in training did often not lead to the desired performances. For a while now there has been a disbalance between my 100 per cent dedication, everything that I do and sacrifice for my sport, and what I subsequently get out of it in return.
"With a lot of patience and a very cautious approach, I'm convinced that I could get back to my full potential on the bike. But that would be a long and patient road, with no guarantees on success. I choose not to take that road, but to quit my active cycling instead and to take a new and unknown path.
"I especially look forward to the World Championships in Australia where I hope to get the best out of myself in the time trial one last time."
Denz had too much power for his rival at the end of the mainly flat 185-kilometre stage, which started in Bra, after the pair formed part of a five-man breakaway with 92km to go.
BORA-hansgrohe rider Denz, Skujins (Trek-Segafredo) and Australia’s Sebastian Berwick, who finished third, had pulled clear of the leading group, together with Italy’s Alessandro Tonelli (Green Project Bardiani).
Tonelli fell away with 32km to go but held on to finish fourth, while Giro leader Thomas came home safely in the peloton to maintain his two-second lead over Primoz Roglic in the general classification.
Denz said after his first Grand Tour stage win: “It’s really big for me. I’m super proud. I was not supposed to be in the break. It was up to Patrick Konrad and Bob Jungels.
“But Bob said he wasn’t at his best and he preferred to save energy to help Lennard Kamna (on Friday) so I had to replace him at the front.
“When I looked around me in the breakaway there were only monsters. Cooperation in the breakaway was very bad, then I found myself at the front on the last climb. Then I knew the finale. I had it in my mind. So I could sprint the way I wanted.”
Thomas took the leaders’ pink jersey after the withdrawal of race leader Remco Evenepoel due to a positive Covid-19 test on Sunday.
The Ineos Grenadiers rider made no bid to impact on the breakaway group, which did not include any general classification contenders, and was grateful for the support of his team-mates.
Thomas said: “Obviously Pavel Sivakov rode very well today despite his crash yesterday.
“He’s definitely in a good shape. Hopefully it’s all good tomorrow in Switzerland and I can defend the Maglia Rosa the same way I won the Tour de Suisse before.”
The Ineos Grenadiers rider, the 2020 champion, suffered the crash in wet conditions on a downhill descent with around 70km of the race’s longest leg remaining.
Geoghegan Hart, who is third in the overall standings, was pictured being loaded into an ambulance after receiving roadside treatment.
His team said on Twitter: “We’re gutted to see @taogeoghegan forced to abandon the #Giro following a crash on stage 11.
“The Brit will head to hospital for checks and we will have further updates in due course.”
Team-mate and overall race leader Geraint Thomas was also involved in the multi-bike accident, but was able to continue along with Jumbo-Visma’s Primoz Roglic.
Thomas said after the race: “As usual we were jostling for position, a UAE guy crashed next to me. I don’t know exactly who was taken out after me.
“We were pretty much on the same spot. Unfortunately Tao is badly injured. It’s obviously a big loss. He was going very well. He was in a really great position and it’s very unfortunate to lose him this way.”
Thomas retains the pink jersey for overall race leader with a two-second lead over Roglic.
Pascal Ackermann, riding for UAE Team Emirates, claimed the stage 11 victory after triumphing courtesy of a photo finish in Tortona, crossing the line just ahead of Jonathan Milan.
This year’s race has been beset with problems as poor weather has been accompanied by a coronavirus outbreak, which has now seen 13 riders withdraw.
Soudal Quick-Step riders Jan Hirt, Josef Cerny, Louis Vervaeke and Mattia Cattaneo were the latest to pull out on Wednesday.
The Ineos Grenadiers racer, the 2020 champion, was involved in a multi-bike accident in wet conditions on a downhill descent with around 70km of the race’s longest leg remaining.
Geoghegan Hart, who sat third in the overall standings, was pictured being loaded into an ambulance after receiving roadside treatment.
After being taken to hospital for more examinations, the Ineos Grenadiers team confirmed Geoghegan Hart was set for an extended spell of recovery.
“Immediately following his involvement in a crash during today’s Stage 11 of the Giro d’Italia, Tao Geoghegan Hart was transported to a local hospital in Genoa,” an Ineos Grenadiers statement said.
“After further assessment, imaging confirmed that Tao had sustained a fracture of the left hip which will require surgery.
“Tao, the thoughts and best wishes of all your fellow Grenadiers are with you tonight. We wish you a speedy recovery and know you have what it takes to come back even stronger!”
Team-mate and overall race leader Geraint Thomas was also involved in the incident, but was able to continue along with nearest challenger Primoz Roglic.
Thomas said after the race: “As usual we were jostling for position, a UAE guy crashed next to me. I don’t know exactly who was taken out after me.
“We were pretty much on the same spot. Unfortunately Tao is badly injured. It’s obviously a big loss.
“He was going very well. He was in a really great position and it’s very unfortunate to lose him this way.”
Thomas retained the pink jersey for overall race leader with a two-second lead over Jumbo-Visma’s Roglic.
Pascal Ackermann, riding for UAE Team Emirates, claimed the stage 11 victory after triumphing courtesy of a photo finish in Tortona, crossing the line just ahead of Jonathan Milan.
This year’s race has been beset with problems as poor weather has been accompanied by a coronavirus outbreak, which has now seen 13 riders withdraw.
Soudal Quick-Step riders Jan Hirt, Josef Cerny, Louis Vervaeke and Mattia Cattaneo were the latest to pull out on Wednesday.
Team INEOS rider Thomas was the pre-race favourite for the maglia rosa but fell on his left side after riding over a drinks bottle in the neutral zone on Monday.
The 2018 Tour de France champion returned to the bunch but was dropped by the peloton ahead of the ascent of Mount Etna, a 19-kilometre climb to the finish line.
Thomas finished over 12 minutes behind stage winner Jonathan Caicedo and lost more than 11 minutes to some of his general classification rivals.
Examinations carried out prior to stage four showed Thomas had sustained a fracture to his pelvis and would not contest the rest of the race.
"Geraint Thomas has been withdrawn from the Giro d'Italia ahead of stage four after further scans revealed a fracture of his pelvis following yesterday's crash," his team tweeted on Tuesday.
Thomas' team-mate Filippo Ganna dropped back to help guide him to the finish line and consequently relinquished the maglia rosa to Joao Almeida.
Dave Brailsford left Thomas out for the Tour de France, which he won two years ago, and instead targeted Giro glory for the Brit.
Thomas is well fancied to be wearing the maglia rosa for INEOS Grenadiers at the end of the 21st and final stage - an individual time trial from Monza to Milan on October 25.
There will also be a time trial to start what is usually the first Grand Tour of the season, but was put back due to the coronavirus pandemic, with the riders taking a 15-kilometre route from Monreale into Palermo.
Trek-Segafredo's Vincenzo Nibali was the last Italian winner of the prestigious race in 2016 and will be hoping to mount a challenge, but Simon Yates, Steven Kruijswijk and Jakob Fuglsang could provide bigger threats to Thomas.
Ahead of the Giro, we picked out some of the key Opta facts…
6 - The last six winners of the Giro have been from different countries, with Richard Carapaz the latest to continue that trend for Ecuador last year.
2 -The last rider to win the general classification and take more than two stage victories along the way was Denis Menchov in 2009, crossing the line first three times.
9 -Nibali will start his ninth Giro and has finished on the podium in his last six appearances in his home Grand Tour, with two wins in 2013 and 2016.
2011 - The late Michele Scarponi was the last rider to win both the general and points classifications at the Giro back in 2011. That was also the last time a rider won the race riding for a team registered in Italy (Lampre-ISD).
3 - Three of the last five winners of the points classification at the Giro have been Italian riders: Giacomo Nizzolo in 2015 and 2016, Elia Viviani in 2018.
16 - Ryder Hesjedal won the Giro in 2012, finishing only 16 seconds ahead of Joaquim Rodriguez, the smallest margin for a winner since 1974. Five of the last nine editions have been decided by a margin of less than a minute.
1 -Peter Sagan will make his first appearance at the Giro after taking part in the Tour de France nine times and the Vuelta a Espana on four occasions. He has never won any classic races held in Italy.
6 - Kruijswijk has finished in the top 10 in six of the last seven Grand Tours he completed, including in two Giro (seventh in 2015, fourth in 2016). However, he is yet to get an individual win in a Grand Tour (excluding team time trials).
20 - Fausto Coppi (1940) is the youngest rider to win the Giro at 20 years and eight months, whereas Fiorenzo Magni (1955) is the oldest, aged 34 years and six months.
Team INEOS rider Thomas crashed in the neutral zone prior to the 150-kilometre ride that began in Enna and was dropped from the peloton prior to the gruelling 19km climb up Mount Etna to the finish.
He finished 12 minutes and 19 seconds adrift of Caicedo and more than 11 minutes behind a group of GC contenders that included Vincenzo Nibali.
Simon Yates, another candidate to triumph in Italy, finished four minutes and 22 seconds behind Caicedo, who narrowly missed out on the maglia rosa to Joao Almeida.
Thomas appeared to only suffer superficial injuries when he went down prior to the start of the race, with the crash reportedly caused by a bottle falling loose in the bunch.
Filippo Ganna, who started the day in the pink jersey, helped his INEOS team-mate Thomas fight on until the end, but losing ground at the base of Etna may well have extinguished the Welshman's hopes of winning a second grand tour.
Caicedo was a late arrival to an early break and he hung on as others wilted, dropping Giovanni Visconti with 5km to go and charging on to glory.
"I can't believe it, it's a dream come true. It just goes to show that if you believe in yourself, you can do it," said Caicedo.
"I was with a rider [Visconti] with a lot of experience and plenty of Giros behind him. I tried to pace myself and time my attack well, and I had the strength to make it to the finish line.
"I came here for stage wins. I hope my body responds well, and I'll try again on other days."
Harm Vanhoucke claimed the remaining bonus seconds before Jakob Fuglsang led Nibali, Rafal Majka, Jonathan Castroviejo and Domenico Pozzovivo across the line 51 seconds after Caicedo. Steven Kruijswijk was a further five seconds behind.
Yates fell away with 9km remaining and Mitchelton-Scott only dropped one rider back to assist him, meaning he slipped three minutes and 46 seconds adrift in a dramatic day in the GC.
STAGE RESULT
1. Jonathan Caicedo (EF Pro Cycling) 04:02:33
2. Giovanni Visconti (Vini Zabu' - Brado-KTM) +00:21
3. Harm Vanhoucke (Lotto Soudal) +00:30
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION
1. Joao Almeida (Deceuninck-Quick-Step) 07:44:25
2. Jonathan Caicedo (EF Pro Cycling) +00:00
3. Pello Blibao (Bahrain-McLaren) +00:37
Ulissi broke free from the peloton with around one kilometre to go on the final climb of the 149km route from Alcamo to Agrigento on Sunday.
Sagan stuck with Ulissi until the final sprint but was unable to prevent the Italian claiming a seventh career stage win at the Giro.
"It was a very hard climb, I did my maximum but Ulissi was stronger," Sagan said afterwards. "It was pretty hard, three kilometres at full gas."
There was another strong performance from Team INEOS' Geraint Thomas, who maintained his lead over fellow general classification contender Simon Yates.
Thomas is third in the overall standings, 23 seconds behind his INEOS team-mate Filippo Ganna, who has the lead following victory in Saturday's time trial.
However, Ganna's full focus is now on supporting team leader Thomas.
"The climb was really hard," Ganna said. "I've conserved the [Maglia Rosa] jersey, I'm really happy. From tomorrow, I'll work for the team because it's a really hard day and it can decide the jersey.
"[My role] is to support G [Thomas], obviously. I'm here for that and happy to support him."
