In their T20 World Cup debut, the US have two wins from two and top Group A after beating Canada in their opener before following it up with another statement victory.
The US opted to let Pakistan bat first, limiting them to 159-7, and chased down the target exceptionally well, with Nitish Kumar hitting a four on the final ball to force a super over.
Pakistan still had no answers, falling to a five-run defeat in their opening game at the tournament.
Patel did not play in their opening game against Canada but came in to get 50 off 38 balls, including two fours and two boundaries, but quickly shifted the focus to the whole team.
"Playing in the World Cup, you don't get a chance to do it every year," he said. "We knew we had to be fully committed [to] every single ball against Pakistan. It was a complete effort from the team.
"It's a big achievement - beating Pakistan while playing for the first time. Complete performance. We used the conditions well. Kept them to 160, which was chaseable. Happy with my contribution, happier to have won.
"Plan was to have a big partnership among top three and then to take it deep. [Andries] Gous played cricketing shots and took pressure away. As a player and captain, you want to show off your talent on the big occasion. Wanted to score in a winning cause."
Pakistan struggled to get going, with captain Babar Azam finishing on 44 after a slow start to the game saw them struggle to build any momentum.
Despite eventually finishing the first innings strongly, Pakistan struggled to limit the US' chase, with errors creeping into their game to keep the tournament co-hosts in with a chance.
Azam highlighted their slow starts to both innings as their shortcomings in the loss.
"First six overs while batting, we couldn't capitalise. We took momentum but back-to-back wickets hurt us," he said.
"We were not up to the mark in the first six [while bowling]. Didn't take wickets, spinners didn't either. We came back in the end but couldn't finish well. Hope to do well in the future.
"[Result makes it] very hard. All credit to USA who did well in all three departments. That's why they won. There was moisture in the pitch. It was two-paced. As professionals, we had to assess conditions better."
Only an Ireland victory over tournament co-hosts USA could have prevented the Americans' progress to the next round, but no play was possible on Friday amid a flash-flood emergency in the region.
There were multiple pitch inspections, but the umpires ultimately concluded no play was possible due to the wet outfield.
USA secured a win over Canada in the opening match of the tournament before pulling off an almighty upset to beat Pakistan, who are now eliminated because of the washout, as are Canada.
The outcome also means Ireland are out, although their hopes had already looked slim after losses to India and Canada.
India are expected to finish top of Group A, having beaten USA in their last match to secure a third successive victory.
Rohit Sharma's side will do battle with Australia, Afghanistan and a team from Group D – most likely to be Bangladesh – in the next round, though they still have one more pool match to play against Canada on Saturday.
USA are poised to enter Group 2 of the Super 8s along with fellow hosts West Indies and South Africa. The final spot in that section will be filled by either England or Scotland, depending on who progresses from Group B.
As a result of reaching the Super 8s in this competition, Monank Patel's USA team are also now guaranteed qualification to the 2026 T20 World Cup, which will be held in India and Sri Lanka.
It was a nervy start by Pakistan, who lost two wickets in the first three overs, but captain Babar Azam eventually finished as their top scorer, limping to 44 after a slow power play.
However, the US bowled well, with Nosthush Kenjige proving a particular thorn in their side as he finished with 3-30. Pakistan ended on 159-7, with the help of Shadab Khan's 40.
Monank Patel brought up his 50 off 38 balls at the end of the 13th over before being caught by Rizwan, with the home fans starting to believe they could be watching a major upset.
Though two wickets in seven balls slightly dented the mood, the US finished the second innings strongly, with Aaron Jones plundering 36, including two boundaries, before Nitish Kumar struck a four on the final ball to keep the game alive.
Jones and Harmeet Singh caused more problems in the super over, impressing with an 18-0 as Pakistan failed to find any composure.
Ultimately, it was Kumar who proved the hero once more, as he caught out Iftikhar Ahmed as Pakistan failed to chase down the target, and the hosts sit top of Group A after two victories.
Data Debrief: Pakistan stunned
Another pick of the bunch in the US' bowlers was Saurabh Netravalkar, who finished on 2-18, before taking the all-important wicket in the super over. He has now become the top wicket-taker for the US in T20Is with 29, going past Nisarg Patel's 27.
Steven Taylor has also broken the record for the most catches by a fielder (10) in T20Is for the US, going past Patel's nine.
And despite being on the losing side, Amar created some history of his own as he became the top scorer in T20Is with 4067 runs, surpassing Virat Kohli's 4038.
